Fossil fuels are not only used to power cars and generate energy — they are also deeply connected to many of the products people use every day.
From plastics and clothing to medicines, cosmetics, fertilisers and building materials, thousands of everyday items rely on chemicals derived from oil and gas. Experts estimate around 70,000 products worldwide contain fossil fuel-based ingredients somewhere in their supply chains.
Researchers say global events that disrupt oil supplies can create price pressures far beyond fuel stations, affecting industries that depend on petrochemicals for manufacturing.
Scientists are now exploring alternatives, including recycled materials, green hydrogen and plant-based sources, to reduce dependence on fossil fuel-derived chemicals. However, experts warn replacing these materials will require major investment and innovation.
The challenge highlights how deeply fossil fuels are embedded in modern life and the need for a major shift towards more sustainable production systems.
