Sri Lankan doctors have achieved a historic medical breakthrough by successfully separating conjoined twins following what is believed to be the world’s first kidney transplant performed between conjoined twins before separation surgery.

The complex operation was carried out by a multidisciplinary team from Peradeniya Teaching Hospital, Sirimavo Bandaranaike Specialised Children’s Hospital, and the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Peradeniya.

Consultant Surgeon Dr. Mathula Hettiarachchi said one kidney was surgically removed from one twin and transplanted into the other in 2024, making the procedure a first in global medical history.

After both children developed stable kidney function, the twins—born in 2021—underwent a successful 14-hour separation surgery on June 10, 2026, involving a team of 30 healthcare professionals, including 15 consultant specialists.

Doctors said the children are recovering well in hospital, although further reconstructive surgeries will be required in the future.

Medical experts hailed the achievement as a landmark for Sri Lankan healthcare and a significant milestone in the history of paediatric surgery, showcasing the country’s world-class medical expertise.